As your 12 year
                                                                                            Presidency comes to an end,
                                                                                            what achievement(s) are you
                                                                                            particularly proud of and
                                                                                            which is your best memory as
                                                                                            IOC
                                                                                            President? 
                                                                                    
                                                                                    
                                                                                         
                                                                                    The
                                                                                        best memory for me was after the
                                                                                        Closing Ceremony of the Olympic
                                                                                        Games Paris 2024: these were the
                                                                                        first Olympic Games to be fully
                                                                                        planned and delivered in line
                                                                                        with the reforms mapped out in
                                                                                        Olympic Agenda 2020 and Olympic
                                                                                        Agenda 2020+5. This was how we
                                                                                        imagined them. They were more
                                                                                        sustainable, more urban,
                                                                                        younger, more joyful Games. For
                                                                                        me, it closed the circle, as
                                                                                        Olympic Agenda came fully to
                                                                                        life, and it was the last
                                                                                        edition of the Olympic Games
                                                                                        under my presidency. It was a
                                                                                        very emotional moment; a mix of
                                                                                        pure joy and relief. 
                                                                                    
                                                                                         
                                                                                    Our
                                                                                        Olympic Agenda reforms were not
                                                                                        just institutional changes. They
                                                                                        were the strategic roadmap that
                                                                                        helped us transform the Olympic
                                                                                        Games and the Olympic Movement
                                                                                        to be more credible, more
                                                                                        inclusive, more sustainable and
                                                                                        more relevant in a rapidly
                                                                                        changing world. They enabled us
                                                                                        to strengthen the role of sport
                                                                                        in society and to keep the
                                                                                        Olympic values at the heart of
                                                                                        everything we do.
                                                                                    
                                                                                         
                                                                                    I
                                                                                        was President at a time when the
                                                                                        Olympic Movement and the world
                                                                                        faced many challenges — from
                                                                                        doping, the COVID-19 pandemic,
                                                                                        conflicts and wars, to name just
                                                                                        a few. We ensured that a whole
                                                                                        generation of athletes did not
                                                                                        get their Olympic dream
                                                                                        destroyed by the pandemic. The
                                                                                        Olympic Games Tokyo 2020 had to
                                                                                        be rescheduled, but we were able
                                                                                        to make them happen, against a
                                                                                        lot of resistance from many.
                                                                                        They were safe for everyone. The
                                                                                        Games became a signal of hope
                                                                                        for the entire world. At the
                                                                                        Olympic Games Paris 2024,
                                                                                        athletes from the territories of
                                                                                        all 206 National Olympic
                                                                                        Committees and the IOC Refugee
                                                                                        Olympic Team competed fiercely
                                                                                        against each other. At the same
                                                                                        time, they lived peacefully
                                                                                        together in the Olympic Village.
                                                                                        Despite many
                                                                                        of their countries being at war,
                                                                                        the athletes respected one
                                                                                        another. The athletes showed us
                                                                                        how our world could be—if we all
                                                                                        lived in the Olympic spirit of
                                                                                        peaceful coexistence. They
                                                                                        created a culture of peace. The
                                                                                        athletes embraced their role as
                                                                                        ambassadors of peace. In Paris,
                                                                                        they came together to issue a
                                                                                        moving call for peace. This call
                                                                                        included athletes from the NOCs
                                                                                        of Ukraine, Russia, Israel,
                                                                                        Palestine, Yemen, and many
                                                                                        others whose countries are
                                                                                        currently divided by war and
                                                                                        conflict. They reminded all of
                                                                                        us that peace is not just an
                                                                                        idealistic dream. Peace can be a
                                                                                        lived reality when people come
                                                                                        together in respect and
                                                                                        solidarity. The Olympic Games
                                                                                        Paris 2024 captured the
                                                                                        hearts and minds around the
                                                                                        globe: around 5 billion people
                                                                                        followed them. 
                                                                                        What is more, 78 per
                                                                                        cent of global audiences believe
                                                                                        the Olympic Games are more
                                                                                        important than ever in a divided
                                                                                        world, and 75 per cent believe
                                                                                        the IOC is successful in
                                                                                        “bringing the world together in
                                                                                        peaceful competition” and in
                                                                                        “building a better world through
                                                                                        sport”. 
                                                                                    
                                                                                         
                                                                                    
                                                                                        Beyond the Olympic Games, the
                                                                                        IOC’s broader impact and
                                                                                        relevance was exemplified by the
                                                                                        recent Olympism365 Summit, which
                                                                                        showcased how our mission to
                                                                                        build a better world through
                                                                                        sport is brought to life
                                                                                        year-round. The Summit gathered
                                                                                        over 300 global participants and
                                                                                        highlighted the IOC’s commitment
                                                                                        to advancing peace, health,
                                                                                        equality, and inclusion through
                                                                                        sport-driven initiatives
                                                                                        worldwide.
                                                                                    
                                                                                         
                                                                                    
                                                                                        Above all, I am grateful that we
                                                                                        have been able to preserve the
                                                                                        unity of the Olympic Movement.
                                                                                        In a world that is increasingly
                                                                                        divided, sport has an ever more
                                                                                        important role to play in
                                                                                        bringing people together and
                                                                                        building bridges. This unity is
                                                                                        a testament to the enduring
                                                                                        Olympic values and a powerful
                                                                                        reminder of what we can achieve
                                                                                        when we stand together.
                                                                                    
                                                                                         
                                                                                    
                                                                                        What most important
                                                                                            advise are you giving your
                                                                                            successor Kirsty Coventry in
                                                                                            these challenging
                                                                                            times? 
                                                                                    
                                                                                    
                                                                                         
                                                                                    She
                                                                                        was elected because she has the
                                                                                        professional and human qualities
                                                                                        to be a very good IOC President
                                                                                        and leader of the Olympic
                                                                                        Movement. She is very much a
                                                                                        values-based and values-oriented
                                                                                        person, which is key. In this
                                                                                        position, you can only maintain
                                                                                        the credibility of your
                                                                                        decisions and of the IOC if you
                                                                                        have a clear compass of the
                                                                                        Olympic values – which she has.
                                                                                        We are now coming to the end of
                                                                                        a very smooth and fruitful
                                                                                        transition period during which
                                                                                        we have already taken all the
                                                                                        necessary decisions together.
                                                                                        For all these reasons, I
                                                                                        have every confidence that the
                                                                                        future of our Olympic Movement
                                                                                        is bright – and that it is in
                                                                                        good hands. The IOC
                                                                                        President-elect Kirsty Coventry,
                                                                                        represents a new generation of
                                                                                        leadership. She embodies
                                                                                        our shared Olympic values. She
                                                                                        reflects the truly global nature
                                                                                        and the youthful,
                                                                                        forward-looking spirit of our
                                                                                        Olympic community. 
                                                                                    
                                                                                         
                                                                                    
                                                                                        What message would you
                                                                                            like to share with the
                                                                                            scholars involved in Olympic
                                                                                            Education and Studies around
                                                                                            the world? 
                                                                                    
                                                                                    
                                                                                         
                                                                                    
                                                                                        Values are at the heart of the
                                                                                        Olympic Movement. The idea that
                                                                                        sport is universal and serves a
                                                                                        higher purpose for all human
                                                                                        beings was central to the
                                                                                        thinking of Pierre de Coubertin.
                                                                                        When he founded the
                                                                                        International Olympic Committee
                                                                                        131 years ago, he saw it as
                                                                                        a way to promote greater
                                                                                        understanding
                                                                                        among all nations and
                                                                                        people of the world. He
                                                                                        wanted to make the world a
                                                                                        better place through sport and
                                                                                        its values. This deeply humanist
                                                                                        philosophy remains the
                                                                                        overarching mission of the IOC
                                                                                        and the entire Olympic Movement
                                                                                        to this day. Especially in
                                                                                        today’s complex world, the role
                                                                                        of sport in society is evolving
                                                                                        rapidly. This is why the work of
                                                                                        Olympic scholars and educators
                                                                                        is more important than ever. You
                                                                                        provide the historical context
                                                                                        and the analytical perspective
                                                                                        that allows the Olympic Movement
                                                                                        to grow while staying true to
                                                                                        its mission. Your research and
                                                                                        teaching make a vital
                                                                                        contribution to promoting the
                                                                                        Olympic values and deepening our
                                                                                        understanding of the role that
                                                                                        sport can play in building a
                                                                                        more inclusive, sustainable and
                                                                                        peaceful world. For this, my
                                                                                        heartfelt thanks and gratitude
                                                                                        go to all the scholars and
                                                                                        institutions of the Olympic
                                                                                        Studies community around the
                                                                                        world. Thank you for your
                                                                                        important contributions in
                                                                                        carrying the visionary ideas of
                                                                                        Pierre de Coubertin into the
                                                                                        future — and for your commitment
                                                                                        to inspiring the young
                                                                                        generation with our timeless
                                                                                        Olympic values.